Transcript
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Welcome to the Clinician Researcher podcast, where academic clinicians learn the skills
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to build their own research program, whether or not they have a mentor.
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As clinicians, we spend a decade or more as trainees learning to take care of patients.
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When we finally start our careers, we want to build research programs, but then we find
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that our years of clinical training did not adequately prepare us to lead our research
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program.
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Through no fault of our own, we struggle to find mentors, and when we can't, we quit.
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However, clinicians hold the keys to the greatest research breakthroughs.
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For this reason, the Clinician Researcher podcast exists to give academic clinicians
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the tools to build their own research program, whether or not they have a mentor.
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Now introducing your host, Toyosi Onwuemene.
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All right everyone, welcome to today's episode.
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I'm your host Toyosi Onwuemene, and it is such a privilege to be here talking to you
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today.
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Thank you for tuning in.
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I'm talking today about the problem you have with finding a mentor, how to find a mentor.
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And I want to tell you that you can succeed with or without a mentor.
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And when I say that, I also recognize that there is not one mentor for you.
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And if you've come this far in medicine, you have so many mentors.
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You did not come here by yourself.
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And this whole sense that you don't have a mentor, I've talked about in an earlier episode,
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is that you do have mentors.
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And the question is, which one do you need?
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For what specific reason?
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And I want to encourage you that whether or not you have a mentor, I think it's helpful
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to get coaching to help you kind of navigate your mentoring relationships and to help you
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really negotiate your career.
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Because ultimately, whether you have the greatest mentor in the world or you have no mentor in
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the world, you still do need to navigate your career.
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And so I am inviting you to our next master class, negotiate your first, next or current
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academic job, and that's happening for us August 21st at 6pm.
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Sign up on our website, clinicianresearcherpodcast.com.
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And if for some reason you have missed it, then just look out for the next one.
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But definitely come and see how we can help you think about negotiating your career and
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creating wins for yourself, whether or not you have the person you identify as a mentor.
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All right.
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So today I am talking about the challenges that people have with finding a mentor.
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And it's important because of an earlier statistic that I shared about a systematic review.
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Actually, it wasn't even that recent.
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It was probably 20 years ago.
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But it looked at mentoring in academic medicine.
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And it was a startling statistic to say that when they looked at medical students, there
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were less than 50% of medical students who felt that they actually had mentoring.
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And when they asked faculty members, in some fields less than 20% of faculty members felt
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that they had a mentor.
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And as I shared earlier, women perceived that they had more difficulty finding mentors than
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their colleagues who were men.
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And I totally resonate with this statistic because I've always felt like the person who
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lacked a mentor.
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And it's interesting.
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I tell people now, I'm like, you have many mentors.
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Which one do you need?
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But I was that person who had the sense of like, I don't have a mentor.
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I don't have a mentor.
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And I think if I boil it down now, I would say I didn't have someone I felt was a research
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mentor.
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And what was I looking for?
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I was looking for the person I wanted to become 20 years from now.
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And for most of us, we don't have that.
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I think we have the wrong picture about mentoring.
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We're looking for someone who's going to take us and make us who they are.
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Or maybe we have a different picture.
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But at least for me, it was that sense of this is who I want to become.
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Who's the person who's most like that?
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And I think that's a difficult way to look for a mentor.
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It's kind of like the perspective of I'm looking for the one.
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And the question is, what does the one look like?
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Like, what is their characteristic?
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Are you OK with their height?
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Are you OK with the way they look?
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Are you OK with the way they dress?
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Like, be specific.
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Who is the one?
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But when we come into mentoring with this sense of we're looking for the one, and it's
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not very clear exactly what we're looking for or what we actually need, because we have
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a lot of the ones in our lives.
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But we're like, no, no, no.
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This is the one I'm looking for.
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Which the one are you looking for?
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Anyway, so for many of us who are clinician researchers, I think when we are talking about
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the one, we're really talking about a mentor who is going to help us in our research.
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And that's important to know, but also to recognize that you need more than one research
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mentor.
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And yes, there may be one person who's really leading the charge in terms of your research.
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But in life and in research, you need more than one thing, because you actually have
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many skills that you need to learn in the course of being mentored.
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And so in this episode, I'm talking about three reasons why you can't find a research
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mentor.
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And I will tell you that I actually have five things to help you find a mentor at the end
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of it.
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And if this episode doesn't get too long, I will get to all of it by the end.
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But the first thing I want to talk about is just helping you understand how difficult it
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is from the perspective of a mentor who's getting someone who's like, help me succeed.
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And the mentor is like, in what way?
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And you're not clear as the mentee who's coming.
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You're just like, well, I need a mentor.
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Will you be my mentor?
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I mean, it's just such a profound and deep question.
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Like, will you be my mentor?
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What does that mean?
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It's very deep.
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And part of the reason it's a deep question, deeper than maybe people recognize, is that
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when you are a clinician who has spent all of your clinical career, right, your traineeship
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has been in clinical medicine, not in research training, and you've missed a lot of the skills
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associated with being a clinician researcher.
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And I've talked about this in an earlier episode.
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It's not just the research methodology you need mentoring in.
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You need mentoring around scientific writing.
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You need mentoring around actually having writing structure where you consistently produce
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writing daily or regularly, consistently, routinely.
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You need mentoring in writing manuscripts and shepherding them through the publication
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process.
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You need mentoring in writing research proposals and finding the right funding opportunities
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and submitting these proposals and analyzing feedback and using that feedback to create
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the next proposal.
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You need mentoring in establishing a research team, leading a research team, taking people
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off your research team, bringing people on your research team.
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You need mentoring in recruiting people to the research team as well, paid staff, and
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then unpaid people, and so trainees who could come into the program and help your research
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program.
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So you need mentoring on so many levels.
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So in essence, you can look at it as a new clinician researcher is like a baby.
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Okay, so babies are really cute until you're like the mother or the parent of one, where
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it's like, wow, this baby totally depends on me for everything.
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And when you're a new parent, at least I will say what was my experience, it is so overwhelming
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because you are one person responsible for this one person who's totally helpless.
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They can't do anything and then they poop often and they pee often and you're in charge
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of handling all of that and you're exhausted and you've got your own life that you're
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trying to lead or live at the same time.
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Well that's what it is for a clinician who's come through maybe 10 years of clinical training
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and they have no research training.
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And there's this laundry list of skills that come with building a research career that
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they don't have, totally helpless, totally dependent.
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And they show up and they're like, here, take me, be my mom, be my mentor.
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And literally that's what you're saying when you show up with no skills.
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You're like, be my mentor, teach me everything.
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And I have to say that you can trick someone the first time.
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You know, it's like, oh, I didn't know this is what it would be like to have a new baby.
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You can only do it the first time.
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The second time you're fully aware, you're like, I know, I know what it's like to take
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care of a new baby.
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And yes, people do it again.
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Good for you everyone who's had a child and done it again a second time.
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But at least the second time you're aware, you know what's involved and you can prepare
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better.
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If you were not like me the first time, you would have prepared a lot and just known what
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you were getting into.
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But to be honest, it's very hard to prepare for this experience of being a first time
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parent.
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And I would say that's what the experience of mentoring can be like, because it's like,
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okay, you need everything.
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And I have a full life.
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I'm still building my own career.
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You need everything.
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And so you're coming like a baby.
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And the reason it's difficult to find a mentor is because it is like asking for someone to
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care for a newborn baby.
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It's like, please take this newborn baby and throw away your social life for the next six
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to 12 months while just in totally being immersed in caring for this one baby.
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And that's what a new mentee, a new clinician who's coming out of their clinical training
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saying I want to lead a research program feels like, because it's like, wow, you need so
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much.
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And you're depending on me to do all of it.
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Wow, that's a lot of pressure.
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And many mentors don't want to do that.
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You know what they want to do?
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They want to take care of the older child.
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Like, oh, if I'm going to adopt a clinician, researcher, or baby, how about I take one
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who already is potty trained?
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And that's why mentors who are very good, and all mentors really tend to be selective.
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They're like, well, what skills are you bringing already?
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What will I have to teach you?
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And then it depends on the stage of the mentor too.
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Like to what extent do they have an ecosystem that can take a newborn baby and have multiple
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siblings caring for them?
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For example, if you're a parent of nine children, you at least have the oldest child is at least
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12, 13 years old, if not older, depending on how you spaced your children apart.
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And so yes, a newborn baby is a different kind of experience than, say, the parent of
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two young children under three.
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It's a different experience.
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And so for some mentors, they have this whole ecosystem where it's like, oh, we can take
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on a newbie because there is the graduate student in the lab.
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And then there's a senior graduate student in the lab.
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There's a postdoc in the lab.
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And so there's a whole ecosystem that can take you on.
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And so it kind of depends.
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The mentors have different resources.
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But number one reason you can't find a research mentor is because it is like asking for someone
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to care for a newborn baby.
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Number two reason is that newbie mentors who are like, well, sure, I'll take you on, they
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may not understand how much is involved in caring for a newborn clinician or researcher.
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It's like, wow, you really have no skills.
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Huh, can I handle this?
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And so sometimes people get abandoned on the journey because a mentor enters into a mentoring
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relationship with you and they're like, whoa, this is how much I need to teach you?
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And there are a lot of abandoned clinician researcher babies across the landscape of
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academic medicine where people have just not stepped up to pour in all the training that's
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needed.
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And you have to ask, it's like, well, is it our jobs as clinician, researcher, mentors
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to pour everything into our trainees?
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And sometimes if you're the parent of a child, they don't even appreciate the kind of effort
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that you're inputting into them.
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They have no idea how much it costs you to be a mentor.
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And the reality is that it does take a lot.
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And sometimes mentors start the relationship with mentees and they're like, whoa, whoa,
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whoa, whoa, this is too much.
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Let's dial this down.
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And people feel abandoned, mentees feel abandoned.
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And so it's a very intensive process.
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And that's why it can be hard to find a mentor.
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The number three thing also is I alluded to this earlier is that experienced mentors are
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looking for people who are a little bit further along the way.
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And so when you approach a seasoned mentor, one of the things you'll appreciate is that
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they're asking you questions.
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So tell me about your writing skills.
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How many manuscripts have you been involved in?
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What is your research experience?
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Because they want to know what skills are you coming to the table with?
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What am I going to be able to resource you to do?
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What are you already coming with already resourced?
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And that is why the more experienced and more senior mentors get all these amazing more
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experienced more senior mentees because they're due diligence in terms of who they're taking
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on versus who they're not taking on.
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Because mentoring can be very intensive, especially when it comes to clinicians who barely have
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any research training.
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And when they take you on, they're putting you in their research program and the goal
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is you're going to work on their projects to move their projects forward because it's
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a give and take in this relationship.
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And so it's important that the person who's coming into the ecosystem can actually support
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the ecosystem because at the end of the day, this is a research program that needs to stay
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funded so that it can continue to produce.
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And so people coming into the ecosystem need to contribute to that production capability
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of the ecosystem so that it continues.
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It's like a business that needs to be profitable.
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Otherwise the business shuts down and nobody has a job.
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Okay, so those are the three reasons why it can be very difficult.
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Number one, it is like asking someone to care for a newborn baby.
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Number two, newbie mentors who may not know what they're getting into can abandon people
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and to be honest seasoned mentors can abandon people too.
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Mentees are feeling abandoned, seasoned mentors are feeling like, oh no, I cannot do this
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person.
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So there's a lot of abandonment going on because sometimes it becomes clear just how much work
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is needed and it feels overwhelming to mentors.
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Number three, experienced mentors are really looking for people who are kind of full grown.
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They're like, well, you're experienced already.
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And that does kind of drive the landscape of sometimes who's accepted into mentoring
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experiences.
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And so it can be difficult to find a mentor.
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Okay, I'm now going to tell you five things to help you find a research mentor.
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Again, I want to remind you that you are not looking for the one.
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There is no such mentor.
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Actually, maybe there are.
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They're very rare and if you are looking for them, if they exist, someone's already taken
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them.
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And this is why most people can't find them.
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What I'm encouraging you to do is to consider that you need multiple mentors and I'm going
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to give you five things to help you find a research mentor.
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Number one is to recognize that you're a newbie, like you're a little baby, you're a research
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baby.
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You're a newbie in the mission and most of your training has been just clinical training,
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no research training.
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You're really like a newbie and you have a lot of needs.
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And many mentors would be overwhelmed to try to meet all your needs within their research
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program and many mentors actually don't have the resources or the time actually because
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mentoring activities are not supported or they're not funded.
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And this is an ongoing conversation in academic medicine.
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But if you are a newbie in the research world and it's important for you to recognize that
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you are and figure out how can you get nutrition that doesn't come all from one space.
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Okay, we've listed a long list of skills you need and I won't go through them again, but
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there's a long list, a laundry list.
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Which ones of those skills can you get that's not from one source?
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Who can teach you proposal writing 101?
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Who can teach you manuscript writing 101?
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Who can teach you shepherding manuscripts through the publication process 101?
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Where can you get resources so that you can offload whoever it is who's going to be a
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research mentor so they don't have to give you absolutely everything?
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And I would say that the number one thing you do to do that is to go to trusted sources
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to get your basic nutrition.
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Now if you're a faculty member at an academic institution, usually there are all these career
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development programs to help you succeed as a research leader.
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And these programs are so awesome because they help you get basic skills so you don't
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have to depend on one person to give it all to you.
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And if it's not at your institution, it's at another institution.
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And so where are the programs available that you can go to and get the skills that you
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need so you're not depending on just one person to help you make it through?
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Okay, that's number one.
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Go to trusted sources to get your basic nutrition so that you can be a full grown baby, toddler
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baby by the time you're looking for a mentor who's going to help you grow in your research
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capabilities.
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Okay, number two is to find safe spaces to make mistakes.
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So if you're a baby, a clinician baby, you're going to make a lot of mistakes because babies
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they poop and they pee a lot.
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That's just what they do.
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And actually all people do.
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Just FYI.
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And babies are not good at cleaning up after themselves.
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They just don't know how to do that just yet.
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And so as a clinician researcher, you're going to make a lot of boo-boos.
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I said it.
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You're going to make a lot of boo-boos.
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And some mentors can be like, sure, I'll clean that up.
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Another time mentors are like, I will never clean up another boo-boo like that again.
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But what you've got to do is make sure you have a safe space where you can make mistakes
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and it's okay.
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What are the communities that you go to as a clinician researcher and you're safe?
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And I want to say that in the academy, people have different experiences and the experience
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of people who are underrepresented in the academy is different from the experience of
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people who are not underrepresented in the academy.
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And I would argue that there may be more safe spaces for people who are represented well
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in the academy versus safe spaces for those who are not.
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And I would say wherever your perspective is, whatever angle you come from, make sure
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you have safe spaces where you can make mistakes and you're not vilified for your mistakes.
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Many mentors are great, great at showing you research methodology, but they're not very
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patient and it's okay.
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That mentor doesn't have to both show you the research methodology and clean up your
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boo-boos.
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Find safe spaces where you can make mistakes so that you don't have to rely on one mentor
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to both be the person showing you the ropes and also cleaning up after you.
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Okay.
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Number three is to acquire the basic habits of a clinician researcher.
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Acquire the basic habits of a clinician researcher.
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So I have a future episode talking about the seven highly effective habits of a clinician
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researcher and some of the habits are being someone who's consistently productive.
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So you have a writing structure, you show up consistently, you have a sense of your
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research direction, and because of that, you choose your projects wisely.
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So there's some habits that you need to have as clinician researcher and to be honest,
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you don't have to depend on a mentor to show you.
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It is so awesome when our mentors can show us good habits to establish as clinician researchers.
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There are some effective strategies that are empirically tested, they're not new.
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Where can you go to find these resources?
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One resource I'm going to just shout out right now is the National Center for Faculty Development
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and Diversity.
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They've got a great number of resources for just good habits to sustain as an academic
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faculty member.
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So you can go and acquire the basic habits of a clinician researcher without even yet
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having to depend on your mentor to do that.
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Okay.
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So acquire basic habits and don't necessarily depend on a mentor to give that to you.
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Okay, that's number three.
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Number four is have a plan for where you want to go.
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Okay, it is very difficult when you show up in front of your mentor and you're like, be
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my mentor and they're like, great, what do you want to do?
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I don't know.
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I'm interested in many things.
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And they're like, well, what things are you interested in?
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Well, breast cancer, colon cancer, hematology, oncology, and GI.
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And that's great.
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I mean, you've kind of narrowed it down because medicine is much broader than that, but it's
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not very specific and it's not clear.
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And it's very hard for mentors to do anything with that because it's like, where can I fit
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you within a research program that doesn't have anything to do with breast cancer or
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colon cancer or GI?
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Like, where can I fit you?
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And so it is important for you to know where you're going.
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The reason it's important for you to know where you're going is because if you don't
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know where you're going, then you can't ask for directions to get there.
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You're going and you're really asking people for a destination.
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But here's the thing about clinicians.
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They actually have a sense of where they want to go.
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And many times when mentees come and they say, I don't know where I want to go, what
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they're actually communicating to me is that I haven't done the work of figuring it out.
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Help me figure it out.
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And I have to pause and just say that is a lot to put on a mentor to give you your sense
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of direction in life.
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It's just not a mentor's job.
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Some mentors are able to do that.
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Many are not.
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Many don't have the bandwidth to sit down with you and help you process your life and
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think about the experiences you had and which ones have been most meaningful and where you
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want to contribute.
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That's really work that you need to do on your own.
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And this is why I advocate for coaching because it is important work that needs to be done.
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But until you figure out where you're going with your life, what you really want to do,
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the academic and scholarly contribution you want to make, the area in which you really
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want to contribute as a clinician researcher, people can't help you get there.
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They can help you move forward because any mentor will be able to pull out things for
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you to work on, any mentor can do that.
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But is it what you want to work on?
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And as mentors get savvier, they resist more people who don't know where they're going
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because it's too costly.
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You end up putting in all-nighters and putting in all the stuff to help people succeed and
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then they show up and say, oh, no, that's not what I want to do.
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And it's a lot of investment to potentially not get anything out of it as a mentor.
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And you could argue that mentoring should just be selfless and everybody should sacrifice
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and you may be correct.
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But at the end of the day, every research enterprise is like a profitable business.
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If the business doesn't make profits, then the business shuts down and it benefits nobody.
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So any research enterprise that does not produce consistently and cannot be funded is a research
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program that's not going to last very long.
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And that's why it's important for you to have a plan for where you want to go.
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Don't ask a mentor to give you that plan.
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Sit down and think about your life and develop that plan.
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And if necessary, do it with a coach.
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Let's talk about it.
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Send me a DM.
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OK.
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Number five is to tell the mentor how they can help you get there.
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So you've done a lot of work already.
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Now you're ready.
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Now you're ready to talk to a mentor and you're not going into your conversation and you're
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like, please mentor me or please be my mentor.
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You're going into the conversation with a very clear sense of direction.
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I believe that I want to do GI and I'm specifically interested in patients who have hepatitis C
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and understanding their response to antivirals for hepatitis C. OK, not in GI.
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I just made that up.
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But you're very specific.
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And it helps the mentor because the mentor can say, oh, the greatest and most important
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tools are XYZ.
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I don't have that in my lab.
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You should talk to this other mentor who has all these latest and greatest tools to help
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you move forward in that way.
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It helps mentors see where they can step in and help you.
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And then they can direct you.
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They could be like, oh, I might not be the right person for you, but this other person
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would be so awesome because look at all the tools they have that could help you really
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shape that.
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Or it could be that you're like, no, that other person doesn't exist.
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It is just you.
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And what then you can help the mentor to see is what do they have within their program
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that supports the work you want to do.
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And that is so helpful.
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So that if you boil down all my recommendations into one, it's really get specific about where
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you're going.
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You have the tools as much as you can on your own.
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And then be very clear about how the mentor can help you get where you're going.
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OK, let me summarize the five things to do to help you find a research mentor.
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Number one, go to trusted sources for your basic nutrition.
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Go to trusted sources, get basic nutrition.
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Number two, find safe spaces to make mistakes.
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Number three, acquire the basic habits of a clinician researcher.
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Number four, have a plan for where you want to go.
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And then number five, tell the mentor how they can help you get there.
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And remember I said, you don't need just the one mentor.
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Stop looking for the one.
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But you want to be very specific about how the particular person before you can help
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you.
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OK, so this week I want you to find an area in which you need skill building and find
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a mentor who can help you bridge that gap and go talk to them about where you're going,
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how they have a skill that's so admirable to you and tell them how they can help you
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bridge that gap.
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And if you do that, come tell me about the conversation you had.
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All right.
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Share this episode with someone who needs to hear about how to find a mentor and I'll
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see you on the next episode of the Clinician Researcher Podcast.
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Thanks for listening to this episode of the Clinician Researcher Podcast, where academic
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clinicians learn the skills to build their own research program, whether or not they
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have a mentor.
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If you found the information in this episode to be helpful, don't keep it all to yourself.
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Someone else needs to hear it.
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So take a minute right now and share it.
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As you share this episode, you become part of our mission to help launch a new generation
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of clinician researchers who make transformative discoveries that change the way we do health
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care.